Understanding Periodontal Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A healthy smile isn’t just about having straight, white teeth—it’s also about maintaining strong and healthy gums. Periodontal disease, commonly known as gum disease, is a serious condition that can lead to tooth loss and other health complications if left untreated. At Radiant Smile Studio, we believe in educating our patients about the importance of gum health and how to prevent periodontal disease before it becomes a major concern.

What is Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal disease is an infection of the gums caused by bacteria in plaque. When plaque isn’t removed through proper brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, which irritates the gums and leads to inflammation. If left untreated, the infection can spread below the gum line, causing damage to the bone and tissues that support the teeth.

Stages of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease progresses in stages, starting with mild symptoms and worsening over time if not addressed:

1. Gingivitis – The earliest stage, characterized by red, swollen gums that may bleed when brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is reversible with good oral hygiene and professional cleanings.

2. Periodontitis – If gingivitis is left untreated, it advances to periodontitis, where the gums begin to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that trap bacteria. Bone loss may also begin at this stage.

3. Advanced Periodontitis – The final stage, where significant bone and tissue loss occurs. Teeth may become loose and, in severe cases, require extraction.

Common Symptoms of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease can often go unnoticed in its early stages, but there are key warning signs to watch for:

• Bleeding gums during brushing or flossing

• Persistent bad breath (halitosis)

• Red, swollen, or tender gums

• Receding gums that make teeth appear longer

• Loose or shifting teeth

• Pain while chewing

Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors contribute to the development of periodontal disease, including:

• Poor oral hygiene

• Smoking or tobacco use

• Genetics

• Diabetes and other systemic diseases

• Hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy or menopause)

• Certain medications that reduce saliva flow

• Stress, which can weaken the immune system

How is Periodontal Disease Treated?

The treatment for periodontal disease depends on its severity. At Radiant Smile Studio, we offer various solutions to help restore your gum health:

• Professional Cleaning & Scaling – Regular cleanings remove plaque and tartar, preventing gingivitis from advancing.

• Scaling and Root Planing – A deep cleaning procedure that removes bacteria from below the gum line and smooths the roots to promote healing.

• Antibiotic Therapy – Medications may be used to control bacterial infection and reduce inflammation.

• Surgical Treatments – In advanced cases, gum grafting, flap surgery, or bone grafting may be necessary to restore gum and bone health.

Prevention: Protecting Your Smile

The good news is that periodontal disease is largely preventable with good oral hygiene and regular dental checkups. Here’s what you can do to keep your gums healthy:

• Brush your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste

• Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth and along the gumline

• Visit your dentist for routine cleanings and exams

• Avoid smoking and tobacco products

• Maintain a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals

Book Your Dental Checkup Today

If you’re experiencing symptoms of gum disease or haven’t had a dental checkup in a while, don’t wait until it’s too late. At Radiant Smile Studio, our experienced dental team is here to help you maintain a healthy, beautiful smile. Schedule an appointment today and take the first step toward better gum health!